TAMAN LARANGAN

The Palace of the Malay Sultanate of Melaka was constructed together with botanical garden known as the Forbidden Garden. This Forbidden Garden has the same concept of the play area for royal princesses during the era of the Melaka Sultanate. Although, it has never been clearly recorded that the garden actually existed at the palace, by comparison with other state palaces of the Malay world, it can be visualized that such a garden did exist in Melaka too. As was related by a Chinese traveler, there were various types of trees that grow grew luxuriantly. In the said garden various types of vegetation are grown, including flowering plants, such as jasmine, frangipani, ‘kenanga’ (fragrant greenish yellow flower), as well as herbal plants such as lemon grass, ‘Tongkat Ali’ and others. 

MUZIUM ISTANA KESULTANAN MELAKA

The Malacca Sultanate Palace Museum (Malay: Muzium Istana Kesultanan Melaka) is a museum located in Malacca City, Malacca, Malaysia. The building is a modern reconstruction of the palace of the Malacca Sultanate. It showcases the history of the region.The museum building was constructed in 1984 and became a cultural museum. The museum was officially opened on 17 July 1986 by Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad. One important area is a tourist attraction in Melaka City is the Mount St. Paul who was once the center of the Empire of the Malacca Sultanate. On the Mount St. Paul is or was formerly known as Melaka trusted hill lies a beautiful castle probably belonged to Sultan Mansor Shah as illustrated in Malay History essay Tun Sri Lanang. To maintain awareness of the effects of history, a replica of the Malacca Sultanate Palace had been established with the aim to build the spirit and the glory of the golden age of the Malacca Empire.Replica of the Malacca Sultanate Palace This highlights the subtlety of art carved floral patterns and local plant as seen on the walls and pillars carved palace. Aside from being a replica of the palace, the building also serves as a cultural museum first of its kind in Malaysia.According to the Malay Annals, this palace has 17 spaces long, and each measuring 87.5 meters and has 40 doors. However, this scaled down replica of the castle to be 67.2 meters long, 18.5 meters high and 12 meters wide.

Showrooms including the Throne Room, which depicts the reign of the Sultanate of Malacca as a ceremonial audience with King and other court regulations in place on the first floor. Also located on the second floor exhibition contest where the king and the rooms, while the third floor houses du luggage all the treasury.

Replication construction objectives Melaka Sultanate Palace.

·         To demonstrate to the general atmosphere at the Malacca Sultanate Palace and certain rooms such as the Throne Room, Beradu hall and characteristics of Customs rulers in the days of the Malacca Sultanate.

·         To show the greatness of the monarchy as the cultural heritage of the Malay race ever to Malacca was once well recalls the history of the battle between Hang Tuah and Hang Jebat and lessons from these events.

·         Replica of the castle was built in 1984 and used as the Cultural Museum was inaugurated by the Prime Minister of Malaysia on 17 July 1986. The entire building is made of hardwood, while the roof of the pieces of wood purchases. The construction is characterized by craftsmanship of Malacca where the joints of the building is reinforced by pegs only.

Overall, this museum shows the function and role of the palace when it displays the Throne Room, the Royal Beradu room and halls which symbolizes the civilization of the Malay community.

Construction of the replica of the Malacca Sultanate Palace has been added to the building history of the country and demonstrate to the public a center of the largest empire in Southeast Asia in the 15th century appeared in Melaka.

Malacca Sultanate Palace Museum is open daily from 9.00 am - 5.30 pm. The entrance fee is $ 3.00 for adult citizens, foreign citizens RM5.00 for adults and RM2.00 for children are also citizens and non-citizens.

A Famosa

Kota A Famosa: "The Famous" in Portuguese. It’s was a Portuguese fortress located in Jalan Parameswara, Bandar Hilir, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia. It is among the oldest surviving European architectural remains in south east Asia. The Porta de Santiago, a small gate house, is the only part of the fortress which still remains today.

In 1511, a Portuguese fleet arrived under the command of Afonso de Albuquerque. His forces attacked and defeated the armies of Malacca Sultanate. Moving quickly to consolidate his gains, Albuquerque had the fortress built around a natural hill near the sea. Albuquerque believed that Malacca would become an important port linking Portugal to the Spice Route in China. At this time other Portuguese were establishing outposts in such pleaces as Macau, China and Goa, India to create a string of friendly ports for ships heading to Ming China and returning home to Portugal.

The fortress once consisted of long ramparts and four major towers. One was a four story keep, While the other held an ammunition storage room, the residence of the captain and an officers’ quarters. Most of the village clustered in town houses inside the fortress walls. As Malacca’s population expanded it outgrew the original fort and extensions were added around 1586.

The fort changed hands in 1641 when the Dutch drove the Portuguese out of Malacca. The Dutch renovated the gate in 1670, which explains the logo “ANNO 1670” inscribed on the gate’s arch. About the arch is a bas-relief logo of the Dutch East India Company.

The fortress change hands again in the late 18^th century when the Dutch handed it over to the British to prevent it from falling into the hands of Napoleon’s expansionist France. The English were wary of maintaining the fortification and ordered its destruction in 1806. The fort was almost totally demolished but for the timely intervention of Sir Stamford Raffles, the founder of modern Singapore, who was sent on sick leave from Penang to Malacca in 1807. Because of his passion for history, this small gate was spared from destruction.

In late November 2006, a structure part of the fort, believed to be the Bastion Middleburg was accidentally uncovered during the construction of 110 meter revolving tower in Malacca Town. The construction of the tower was ceased and its site was subsequently shifted to the popular district of Bandar Hilir on Jalan Merdeka where it was officially opened to the public on 18 April 2008. Malacca Corporation suspects the structure was built by the Dutch during the Dutch occupation of Malacca from 1641 to 1824. Earlier in June 2003, a watchtower named Santiago Bastion was discovered during the construction of Dataran Pahlawan.

TAMAN BUNGA MERDEKA

     If there is one criticism of Melaka, it’s that it s a bit lacking in parks and open green spaces. One park that does exist in the city centre is along Jalan Kota, facing the People’s Museum and the strip of other museums in that street. It is known as Taman Bunga Merdeka but still remembered as Coronation Park, a name given to commemorate the accession of Queen Elizabeth II to the throne in June 1953.

At that time the park was facing the sea and was considerably bigger but successive land reclamations have pushed the sea back a considerable distance and city development has nibbled away at the edges of the park.

As well as providing much needed green space for tourists and the residents of Malacca, it also serves as an outdoor museum by displaying various transportation related exhibits indeed the park is sometimes referred to as the Malacca Transportation Museum.

Here are some of things you can find in this park :

1)      Malacca Memorial Obelisk

It is a Malacca Memorial Obelisk with inscription on four sides commemorating those who died for the British side in the sungai Ujong war of 1875 to 1876. It is perhaps surprising the memorial still stands given that the war was fought against Malay chief’s rebelling against British colonial taxes.

1)      Diesel Locomotive Railway

A decommissioned Diesel Locomotive named Sungai Lukut 2111 (built in Japan in 1965) together with an attached vintage railway carriage which is now used as a souvenir shop. A vintage yellow fire engine.

1)      St. Francis Xavier and Bastion Mauritius

This stone is known as “The City Cross”. It was originally located in the sea but as since been moved in land want reclamation work was done by the British circa 1937-1939. During the Portuguese reign in Malacca, The Bacarro records depicted that this stone had once been adorned by a steer crucifix. The stone is believed to be the location where St. Francis Xavier first set foot in Malacca during is visit in 1512. It is also believed that the stone will not sink. This is due the curse that St. Francis Xavier had put on it. There is an excavated area revealing foundation stones, all that remains of a bastion in the city walls of Malacca which were built by the Portuguese and Dutch and demolished by the British. 

Trip To Malacca 23 February 2017

INTRODUCTION

Malacca/Melaka is a historical city, a state in Malaysia and located in the southern region of the Malay Peninsula, next to the Straits of Malacca.It has numerous historical places and buildings. In order to preserve those sites, numerous museums have been built to preserve those legacies. Most of the museums in the state are managed by Malacca Museum Corporation. It is a city that full of historical and uniqueness which is many foreigners choose to visit Malacca in their bucket lists.

We, team SPAIN decided to join the trip with our class members to visit Malacca in 23 February of 2017 until 25 February of 2017, which is 3 days and 2 nights. This trip is consists with accommodation and transportation which we just paid for the accommodation, RM45.00 per person and the transportation is sponsored by our college, Kolej Yayasan Pahang. The breakfast, lunch and dinner are on our own. This trip are lead by our classmate, Nur Syafika and guided by our lecturer, Sir Azam. The amount of all the participants including the driver, the lecturer and a junior are 23 people. At first, most of us were kind of clueless as this is our first time visited Malacca as class trip but in the end we can develop with the situation.

In first day, half of gathered at Tanjung Lumpur Hostel while the other at City Times Hostel. The reason why we separated is because there are some of us stay outside (not a hostel student). In the beginning, we planned to depart from the hostels in the morning but as the other students need the bus for morning class then we change the plan to afternoon. At 3.30 pm, we departure from the both hostels to Malacca. During the journey, we stopped for eating and washroom and then we continued without stop to Malacca. We arrived Malacca around 9.00pm and we stopped at Faiz’s, our classmate restaurant for dinner. We were so grateful and lucky as Faiz’s mother treat us delicious dinner. Around 11.00pm we arrived at our accommodation, Asrama Indah Kembara.

The next day, we gathered at 8.00am in front of our accommodation. Sir Azam gave us a brief for our tasks that day. After that we ride the bus and went to Bandar Hilir. Before we started our task, we decided to breakfast first. Around 9.00 am we started our tasks. At night, we went to river cruise and jonker walk. The last day, there’s nothing much we did. We went to Bandar Hilir again and bought souvenir.

ATTRACTION

There are a few of attraction we have visited during the task.

1.      Taman Bunga Merdeka

2. A Famosa

3. Istana Kesultanan Melaka

4. Memorial Pengisytiharan Kemerdekaan

5. Menara Taming Sari

6. Dataran Pahlawan

7. Jonker Walk

8. River Cruise

9. Stamp Museum

10. Beca/Trishaw

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THE DIGITAL FIRM : ELECTRONIC BUSINESS AND ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

A.INTERNET TECHNOLOGY AND THE DIGITAL FIRM

-Information Technology Infrastructure : The internet provides a universal and easy-to-use set of technologies and technology standard that can be adopted by all organizations.

-Direct Communication Between Trading Partner : Disintermediation removes intermediate layers.

-Round the Clock Service : Web sites available to consumers 24 hours

-Reduced Transaction Costs : Costs of searching for buyers, declines

B. The Changing Economics of Information

= Information Asymmetry :One party in a transaction has more information than the other. The internet decreases information asymmetry.

=Increases Richness : The internet increases the depth, detail and scope of information.

=Increases Reach : The internet increases the number of people who can be contacted efficiently.

 C. INTERNET BUSINESS MODELS

- Virtual Storefront : Sells goods or Services online ( Amazon)

-Information Broker : Provides information on products or services ( Edmunds)

-Transaction Broker : Provides online transaction facility ( e-trade, Expedia.com)

-Online Marketplace : Provides a trading platform for individuals and firms (eBay)

·     

D. CATEGORIES OF ELECTRONIC COMMERCE

- Business-to-customer (B2C) : Retailing of products and services directly to individual customers ( walmart)

-Business-to-business (B2B) : Sales of goods and services to other businesses (Grainger, ariba)

-Consumer-to-consumer (C2C) : Individuals using the Web for private sales or exchange (eBay)

E. ADVANTAGES OF E-COMMERCE

-Customer- Centered Retailing : Closer and more personalized relationship with customer is possible

-Web Sites : Provide a corporate – centered portal for the consumer to quickly find information on products, services, prices, orders.

-Disintermediation : The elimination of organizations or business process, responsible for certain intermediary steps in a value chain, reducing costs to the consumer.

F. THE BENEFITS OF DISINTERMEDIATION TO THE CONSUMER

Manufacture à Distributorà Retailer à Customer ( spend more example, $48)

Manufacturer à Retailer à Customer ( spend lesser than above example, $40 per product)

Manufacture à Customer (spend lesser for example 420 per product)

G. BENEFITS OF INTRANETS

- Connectivity : Accessible from most computing platforms

- Can be tied to internal corporate systems and core transaction databases

-Platforms for interactive applications

-Scalable to larger or smaller computing platforms

H. FUNCTIONAL APPLICATIONS OF INTRANETS

Finance and Accounting

Human Resources

Sales and Marketing

Manufacturing and production

I.MANAGEMENT OPPORTUNITIES

~  New Products and Services

~ New Distribution Channels

~ New Avenues for Marketing and Sales

~ New Business Models

·      

INFORMATION SYSTEM IN ORGANIZATION AND BUSINESS

Information System 

- Collect, process, store and distribute information to support decision making and control in a organization.

- Help manager and workers analyze problems, visualize complex subjects, create new product. 

Information Technology

- Consist of all the hardware and software that a firm needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives.

Data

- Streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organizations.

Information

- Data that have been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human being.

How Information System Impact Organization and Business Firms

1. Economic Impacts

- Relative cost of capital and cost of information.

- Reduce internal management costs.

2. Organization and Behavioral Impacts.

- Often inefficient, slow to change, less competitive. 

- IT pushes Decision-Making right lower.

- Managers become faster in making decisions because much more accurate information received on time.

How Information Technology enhances business processes

- Information system automate many steps in business processes that were formally performed manually.

- New technology can actually change the flow of information.

↪ Many more people to access and share information.

↪ Replacing sequential steps with tasks that can be performed simultaneously.

↪ Eliminating delays in decision making.

What is an Organization ?

- An organization is a stable, formal social structure that takes resources from the environment and processes them to produce outputs.

This definition focuses on 3 elements of organization :

⇢ Input from environment

⇢ Production Process

⇢ Output of the environment

i) Senior Management

➔ Make strategic decision. 

➔ Eg: Manager director.

ii) Middle Management

➔ Carries out the plans of senior management.

➔ Create new knowledge for the firm.

➔ Eg: Engineers, Sales Marketing.

iii) Operational Management

➔ Responsible for monitoring the daily activities.

➔ Production and service worker.

➔ Eg: Ticketing officer and clerks. 

Each of the management groups uses system to support the decision they must make to run the company

i) Transaction Processing System (TPS)

⇒ TPS help Operational management.

⇒ The daily routine transaction.

ii) Management Information System (MIS)

⇒ MIS serving Middle management.

⇒ Report on the organization current performance.

⇒ To monitors and control the business.

iii) Decision Support System (DSS)

⇒ DSS support non-routine decision making.

⇒ They focus on problems that are unique and rapidly changing.

iv) Executive Support System (ESS)

⇒ ESS help Senior Management.

⇒ Strategic issues and long term trends, both in the firm and in the external environment.

⇒ Present graphs and data from many sources through an interface that is easy for senior manager to use.